112 years old Norway spruce tree (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), based on measurements on the research area Solling F1, simulated with Grogra. L system: pic23.lsy. Red: Trunk below crown base, white: Delayed shoots.

Spruce trees of three different classes, generated with the same grammar:

Here the use of a cubic grid ("voxel space") to discretize the canopy for the purpose of PAR transport calculation is demonstrated (only one layer of cells is shown, in the proper model the whole tree is covered by the mesh):

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